Application of
quantitative methods to solve management problems: statistics, operations
research, management information systems.
Organizations are open
systems that constantly interact with the external environment:
inputs (resources and information) -------> transformation process -------> outputs (products, services, information) -------> feedback
Appropriate management
approach depends on situational factors faced by an organization.
Examples of contingency variables: Organization size, task complexity, environmental uncertainty, individual differences.
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